ConantAPHuGe2012 - Recently Updated Pages

Unit 7 Calendar

Sserrano — Wed, 22 Feb 2012 13:00:19 CST

Wed 2/15
Political test corrections
-Read Sudan Article
Hmwk: Ch. 9 Sec 1 Rubenstein

Thurs 2/16
Open Note Check:Ch. 9 Sec 1 Rubenstein
T Homework: Read Text & Notes: 9-2 Rubenstein; Read only the More Developed section. I will assign the Lesser Developed HDI regions tomorrow. Also, Finish your commodity chain.

Fri 2/17
Discussion: Ch. 9 Sec 2A
Class activity: Country/regional HDI indicators
Homework: Ch. 9 Sec. 2B (lesser developed countries HDI%)

Mon 2/20
No School Presidents Day

Tues 2/21
Activity. HDI% and their Clues. Record oral clues
Review: Measures of Development/Walter Rostow; Structuralist/Liberal Theories. Rostow's Levels of Development. Concept and approaches to economic development Structuralist vs. Liberal theories
Homework: Ch. 9 Sec 3 Rubenstein Notes

Wed 2/22
Open Note Check: 9-3
Lecture: Models of Development. Concept and Approaches to Economic Development.
F Homework: Rewrites due Monday as well as copy in H Drive and Printed version with original; Also 9-4 notes for Thursday. Chain of Commodity for friday.

Th 2/23
Housecleaning: Grade 9-4 note check; AP Exam information
Discussion:Self Sufficiency vs. International Tradel Models
Lecture: Structural adjustment loans.

Homework: Create a rubric for the partner FRQ for tomorrow. Think about the examples that I have used throughout the year as well as how many points you would want it to be.

F 2/24
Video: Life in Debt-Complete in class worksheet

Homework: Notes 11-1 up to "Industrial Regions" on pg. 346

Homework: Complete video analysis sheet (will complete in class) Review for Ch. 9 Quiz on Monday. Extra Credit offer will be extended through the rest of the quarter and will be due three days before its conclusion.

2/28: M
Quiz: Ch. 9

Homework: Please print out the FRQ's for this unit (copy and paste them into Word and change the color to black) They are a bit difficult so it is important to look at these ahead.
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Schedule updated and correct above the line. Below the line is still being modified. 2/15/2012 12:20pm

3/1 T
Quiz corrections: First 25 minutes. Open note. Full back.

Presentation: Industrial Location. Industrial revolution. Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Sectors.
Homework: Read Text & Notes: Finish Ch 11 Sec 1 Notes. Extra Credit offer will be extended through the rest of the quarter and will be due three days before its conclusion.
Register for the AP Exam through March 4th!!!

3/2 W
Lecture:Major Industrial Belts of the World

EPZ's, maquiladoras, SEZ's, NGO's

Homework: Read Text & Notes: Ch. 11 Sec 2 Notes; Bring a calculator to class for Thursday. Extra Credit offer will be extended through the rest of the quarter and will be due three days before its conclusion.
Register for the AP Exam through March 4th!!!

3/3 R

Lecture: Situation/Break-Of-Bulk; bulk-reducing/bulk-gaining industry/ Just in-time delivery
Demonstration: Alfred Weber's Least Cost Theory
Activity: Complete Least Cost Theory Worksheet in pairs using a calculator
Weber's Least Cost Theory Model

Hmwk: Complete wkst for homework if not completed in class
Register for the AP Exam Today!!!!

3/4 F
Complete in class: Site-Factors; Situation factors; Hotelling and Losch Model Wkst

Homework: Read Text & Notes: Ch. 11 Sec 3 Notes.
ALSO BRING HEADHPONES TO CLASS ON MONDAY, WE WILL GO TO THE LAB AND LISTEN TO News clips.

3/7 M

Lab: Current Events and Development: Application of what we already know. Click and complete on your personal website. Minimum of one sentence per box
Home work: Read Text & Notes: Ch. 11 Sec 4 Notes. If in class assignment was not completed, the deadline will be extended for Wednesday by the start of 5th hour.

3/8 T

Lecture: Interregional/International shifts; Globalization & Network; Division of Labor; New World Order; Outsourcing; Brain Drain;
Homework: Review for Quiz on Ch 11 for Thursday. If in class assignment was not completed, the deadline will be extended for Wednesday by the start of 5th hour. Also make sure that you complete the notes for 11-4 if not already done so.

3/9 W
Lecture: Post Fordist; Fordist; Vertical vs. Horizontal Integration. Gatekeepers.

Homework: Study for Quiz

3/10 Th
Quiz: Ch.9

Homework: Ch 12 Pgs. 372-376 (up to "Services in Early Rural Settlements")

3/11 F Quiz Corrections: First 25 minutes
Current Events: Right to Work/Dollarization/Fighting Inflation

Homework: Ch 12 Sec 3 Notes- Extremely important homework. Focus and concentrate on the materials because these are VERY important concepts for the class.

3/14 M

Open Note Check on Ch 12 Sec 3-MUST DO THIS HOMEWORK
Lecture: Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory; Threshold and Range; Gravity Model
Homework: Read and Notes Ch 12 Sec 4

3/15 T

Open Note Check: Ch. 12 Sec 4
Lecture: Hierarchy of business services; Basic v. non-basic industries; economic base Homework: Prepare for Essay Exam. $$$ Money due for Volkening Farm-Land Use Field Trip!!!! $$$

3/16 W

Exam: Economic Development Unit (Essay)
Homework: Prepare for Objective Exam. I have decided to make this a chapter 12 quiz, open note, with no corrections on the next day. Please bring your notes with you tomorrow to class if you want to use them. Friday, we will do a secret swap and grade each other's essays with a rubric that I have provided. We will do this so that you have the opportunity to take it home next week and do a re-write by the Tuesday after break. I can then get this grade in for 3rd quarter. Please also make sure that if you want to do the 7 billion PSA video, that it is in your H Drive on Wednesday. I will create a rubric over the weekend and send out a notification that I have posted it on the wiki. KEEP TOUGH!!!! We are in the home stretch!!!!!!!!
$$$ Money due for Volkening Farm-Land Use Field Trip!!!! $$$. Also, signed field trip form must be turned in to Mrs. Serrano by 8th hour on FRIDAY, or you can not attend!

3/17 Th

Exam: Ch. 12 Economic Oen Note Quiz (Objective)

Homework: Read Ch. 10: Agriculture over Spring Break. $$$ Money due for Volkening Farm-Land Use Field Trip!!!! $$$

3/18 F

Examination: Essay corrections in class with Rubric Serrano provides.
Homework: Read Ch. 10: Agriculture over Spring Break. $$$ Money due for Volkening Farm-Land Use Field Trip!!!! $$$.
Purchase a review book for AP Exam review and begin to read/take a practice exam on your own.

!!SPRING BREAK!!

Political FRQs

Sserrano — Tue, 21 Feb 2012 13:28:46 CST

Question 1

The country is a fundamental unit of political geography. The modem nation-state differs from older political ideologies in that the citizens of a modem state are members of a country composed of people and their institutions. The people and institutions of these nations often determine the structure and organization of government.
(A) Describe how federal and local configurations can affect contemporary democratic societies

(B) Contrast the unitary state model with the federal model.

(C) Explain the advantages of organizing political systems by geographic areas.

Question 2

Countries take a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Each country's unique shape and location offers it both advantages and disadvantages in the scope of geopolitics. These geographic characteristics can work towards or against the political success of a country.
(A) Discuss the genetic boundary classification pioneered by Richard Hartshorne.

(i) Discuss how shape and size of a country can affect the government's ability to govern effectively.
(ii) Discuss the role different types of boundaries (cultural/physical) 250-251 can play in a country's overall political success.

(B) Discuss the competing forces that work to bind countries together and pull them apart.

Question 3

(A) Explain what a supranational organization is and why they exist in the modern world.

(B) Describe the significant characteristics of the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

(i) Explain what the agreements have in common.
(ii) Explain how the agreements are different.

Question 4

(A) Define the following concepts as they are used in political geography.

(i) Nation
(ii) State
(iii) Nation-State

(B) For each of these concepts, name specific late-twentieth-century example from Region A and a specific late-twentieth-century example from Region B on the map above.

(C) Explain how the pursuit of the nation-state ideal during recent decades has led to conflict in each of the two Regions A and B on the map above.

ConantAPHUGE2010 Home

Sserrano — Wed, 15 Feb 2012 12:12:15 CST

AP HuGe Students and Parents! This is a collaborative AP HUGE wiki that, you the student, can edit and add information that can be vital to your success in the class. If you have a good way of remembering a topic or explaining a model, write it in! Make illustrations if necessary, or showcase your work as an example for others. The possibilities are endless. The only rule is that your behavior on the wiki and blog is monitored just as it is in class, and you will be responsible for the consequences of any inappropriate materials. The teachers are the moderators and we can view all the of edits and by whom. Use the site appropriately and as a tool! You MUST check this site daily. This wiki is your resource for all class materials including calendars, readings, worksheets, assignments, extra credit opportunities, essay meeting schedules, and AP Exam Prep tools. The more you put into the wiki, the more it will benefit you. Favorite this site on your home browser, you will be using it a LOT.	We are currently studying: Economic Development AP HUGE Ethnic Neighborhood Field Study
GREAT NEWS!!!! We now have access to the online text! To log in, click on the textbook and enter the log-in information that you were given in class, or refer to it on your textbook sticker. Christian Sawyer is the name of the review author book that is good.	AP Advice: For the student....by the student
The reason you need geography: Don't be caught not knowing where China is.

is the

Political Organization of Space

Sserrano — Tue, 14 Feb 2012 14:32:18 CST

Political Geography Calendar

Class Handout
Political Unit Essay Questions (two will be chosen)
Enclave vs. Exclave Definition
Supranational Organizations in Current Events
The Nature of States
The Jewel Shattered-Reading
The Longest Defended Border-Reading
The Carving Up of Africa-Reading
Political Unit Powerpoint

Video Clips

Simulation Game
Redistricting and Gerrymandering

Pictures

Unit 6 Calendar

Sserrano — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 13:38:53 CST

POLITICAL UNIT

Last Update: 1/18/2010 12:20pm
1/23 M
No School-Teacher's Institute Day

1/24 T
Classwork: In-Class review of Language essay and explanation of FRQ rubric to be graded as a class. Retypes due on Friday.
Homework: Read & Notes: Ch. 7 Sec. 1; Essay Retypes due on Friday.

1/25 W
Note Check: Ch. 7 Sec. 1
Video: Roma Video
Discussion: Introduction to Political Geography Multinationalism, centripetal, centrifugal forces, devolution
Vocabulary: Race, Ethnicity, Nationalism, Sovereignty, Imperialism
Homework: Read & Notes: Ch. 8, Sec 1 for tomorrow.; Essay Retypes due on Friday.

1/26 Th
Note Check: Ch. 8, Sec 1
Powerpoint/Lecture: The problems of defining states; Korea, China, Taiwan, Antarctica; Varying state sizes; Development of the State Concept; Colonialism
Vocabulary: , city-state, colonialism, imperialism, state, nation, nation-state, evolution of states
Homework: Read & Notes: Ch. 8, Sec 2 (end where Types of Boundaries starts, pg 250) for tomorrow. Also read "The Nature of Boundaries", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 192-193 (Reading Packet); Essay Retypes due on Friday.

1/27 F
Note Check: Ch 7-1, Ch 8-2, Ch 8-2 (end where Types of Boundaries starts, pg 250)
In-class worksheet: Why have ethnicities been transformed into nationalities?
Vocabulary: Fragmented, prorupted, compact, elongated, landlocked states, microstates
Activity: I will love you no matter what shape or size you are; Homework: Read & Notes: Complete the rest of Ch. 8, Sec 2 on boundary types. r-197, "Islands as Nation-States", Marshall, pgs. 196-197; "Tiny Nations", Marshall, pgs. 208-209, "Europe's Eastern Shatterbelt", Marshall, pgs. 218-219

1/30 M
Note Check: The remainder of Ch. 8, Sec 2 on boundary types
Powerpoint/Lecture: Types of Boundaries: Physical and Cultural Boundaries; States shapes and size pros and cons.
Vocabulary: Physical vs. geometric state boundaries; exclaves, enclaves, perforated states,
Homework: Read, "Drawing the Line", The Real World, Marshall, pgs192-193; "Mountain Borders", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 198-199; "The Longest Undefended Border", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 200-201.

1/31 T
Reading Check: "Drawing the Line", The Real World, Marshall, pgs192-193; "Mountain Borders", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 198-199; "The Longest Undefended Border", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 200-201.
Computer Lab: The Boundary Hunter : A Google Earth activity (Due Thursday by 5th Hour for everyone)
Homework: Boundary Hunter : A Google Earth activity (Due Thursday by 5th Hour for everyone)

2/1 W
Presentation/Lecture: Territorial Organization and National Power; Unitary vs. Federal government; How do states spatially organize their governments;
Discuss: Electoral Geography, Majority-Minority District, territorial representation, reapportionment, gerrymandering and the North Carolina 12 Congrassional Map,,states rights, federalism, unitary states, asymmetric federalism, confederation, redistricting.
Homework: "What Makes a Boundary", The Real World, Marshall, pgs. 194-195; "The New Cold War, Marshall", pgs. 210-211 (Reading Packet). "The Carving up of Africa", pgs. 202-203 (Reading Packet), "The Jewel Shattered", Marshall, pgs. 204-205 (Reading Packet). ;
The Boundary Hunter : A Google Earth activity (Due Friday by 6th Hour for everyone)

2/2 Th
Note and Reading Check on 2/1 and 2/2 articles
Pictures and Captions: Understanding the textbook's examples
Homework: Read & Notes on Ch. 8 Sec. 3 The Boundary Hunter : A Google Earth activity (Due Friday. One more day kids updated 2/2/12 8:00am)

2/3 F
Note Check: Ch. 8 Sec. 3
Discussion:Supranational Organization; Balance of power; Challanges of the modern state; The Commonwealth
European Union Wkst answers for question 13.
Homework: Supranational Organization Articles

2/6 M
Reading Check on Supranational Organization Articles
Lecture/Powerpoint: Geopolitics; Power Relationships and Geopolitical Theories, Forces of Organization and Population, Heartland/Rimland theory
Homework: Ch 8, Sec 4.

2/7 T
Discussion: Gypsie/Roma; Power of Place worksheet; Jigsaw articles
Homework: Review your FRQ's

2/8 W
Review: Review Day
Homework: Study for the essay exam.

2/9 Th
Examination: Political Geography Unit (Essay) Homework: Prepare for Political Objective Exam

2/10 F
Examination: Political Geography Unit (Objective)

kunaal patel

kunaal112 — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 13:35:33 CST

2/6/12

Ethnic City Bus Tour Sept. 24

this is pop culture because now people eat McDonalds and not ethnic foods. You can find a McDonalds almost every where.

this is an eample of folk culture because it is the chinese culture with there own food and uthenic stuff.

This is an example of mentifact because it is a religion and u can't touch that. Also it is a belief.

This is an Authenticity because the food is authentic chinese food and isn't like panda express and fake.

The sears tower is an example of reterritorialization because they broke what ever was there first to make it modern.

This is evidence of pop culture polluting the environment because there is a McDonalds in a Authenic place with is taking away from the culture.

This is an example of Ethnic Neighborhood because the writing is in chinese so the majority of the neighborhood is chinese.

This is an example if Matrial Culture because the man that was talking said it was old and also it has some story behind it.

This is a commodification because they are selling italian lemanade.

This is time distance decay because the farther we get the less and less the influence is on them. Like the structure and this time it isn't in chinese.

This is an example of sequent occupancy because every place need stores. Also this is in chinese so it has left an imprint on the culture because only people that read it understand

Applying Pattison's 4 Traditions of Geography (Aug. 29, 2011)

Instructions:
After having read Pattisons 4 Tradtions of Geography article, you are to locate a current event piece that can be applied to EACH of the traditions (that means 4 total, one for each tradition). Once you have found an article that applies, your job is to state the tradition, copy and paste the title into your page, link it to the article, and name the source in Italics. After having read the article, you are to first summarize the article, and then explain why the article exemplifies the tradition. Shoot for 6-10 sentances per tradition/article. See below for an example.

Man-land tradion Flooding 'an ongoing concern' amid Irene's destruction
shttp://www.cnn.com/2011/US/08/29/irene.aftermath/index.html?hpt=hp_t1

It is about Hurricane Irene it left part of the U.S East Coast in dangerous flood waters. Leaving many stranded resisdents, 24 deaths have been blamed on Irene. There is 5 million resisdents without power due to the power surges. This impacts humans because there homes get flooded, which leave a bunch of damage on them and a lot of debree all over the street. Also the people have to evacuate the area, so they have to leave there normal daily schedule and lose money and there job. Also you have to sent all the people to clean it all up,which is a lot of work. So it pretty much wastes a lot of time and money. When you have a hurricane there isn't that much that you can do to stop it so humans don't really have that great of an impact on the hurricane Irene.

Irene hammers North Carolina, stranding thousands on one island--------http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/08/28/north.carolina.aftermath/index.html

Area Studies Tradition

It's about Hurricane Irene and the damage it dealt to North Carolina. It clamed 6 lives and hundreds of thousands of people are without light in there house. Some houses wheredestroyed. 2,500 people who didn't evacuate are stranded in there with water and the sand from the dunes, cutting off the main road from the people. This region is basicly wiped out there is sand and water and broken stuff all over. The outside world just got cut off from the people there because no one can drive up or help them. Religion is the same there just like every where else in the U.S

Irene hammers North Carolina, stranding thousands on one island--------http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/08/28/north.carolina.aftermath/index.html

Spatial Tradition

This is about hurricane Irene and all thedestructionit did. There was 440,000 people without electricity onMonday. Ten major roads were closed, one of the houses burned down. The U.S Coast Guard was looking down from the air,seeing all the damage it's going to cost and the place torn apart. This ties up with the Spatial Tradition because it is mapped on the east coast. They had dunes and sand piles to stop some of the flooding, but it didn't help. The only means of transportation is by the air, most of the road is covered or broken. The area is pretty dense, all the houses are far away from each other.

Irene: Death toll nears 40 as recovery begin--------http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-14711508

Earth Science

The damage total is can top over $7 bn,that'swhat the insurance company says. 300 people stranded on Monday, floods many last for 3 more days. Did 1/6 of what hurricane Katrina did. 300,000 people evacuated from lower New York. They say that the damage was not as bad as they predicted. In all the places that it flooded the physical geography is right by the coast line. The atmospheredefiantlychanged cause there is more clouds and more windy. A lot more water from the sea and also the rain. The trees fell and broke some homes which effected the humans. The was less direct sunlight thanks to the clouds.

Space: Distribution Assignment 9/13/11 http://money.cnn.com/2011/09/13/news/economy/poverty_rate_income/?npt=NP1

Instructions: Find one current event article from CNN, BBC, Al-Jazeera News, or other source, that you can apply one of the following vocabulary words to. Once you write the title of the article on your page, link it to the article on the web. Next, write an 8-10 sentance paragraph about what the article is about and how (in any way shape or form) can be related to the vocab word that you choose. Be creative adn think outside of the box.
Vocabulary words that you can choose to apply to your article: distribution, density, arithmetic density, physiological density, agricultural density, concentration, pattern.

Poverty rate rises in America

In this article it is about the poverty raising in the U.S. This story related what we are talking about because it is telling us the overall poverty in all of the U.S , so it is distribution. This is because the whole united states so it is telling us the percentage of poor people. Also because it is telling us the south got hit the hardest with all the poverty, so basically it is telling you that the south is worse of than the north. So it is telling you that the bottom half is moredensitypacked with poor people. Also the pattern is that the poverty levels are higher in black people thenHispanicthenAsians, if you are a women you have 2% more chance of being in poverty. Also people are more people than there are job offerings , that is why the poverty rates are higher. So the people are in more chance of being in poverty since there aren't being alot of jobs. So the density of people without jobs are a whole deal higher.

krishna p

krishna:)patel — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 13:35:04 CST

Anike Owoye

AnikeOhwoahyay — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 17:43:01 CST

2/5/2012

Diane J

jakalaka — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 15:25:37 CST

Simrin Dhillon

SimrinD — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 15:24:52 CST

Febuary3, 2012

November 3, 2011

September 25, 2011:

The following 15 pictures correctly describe the vocabulary word that follow.

Pop Culture = This is a good example of pop culture because it shows modern day society's result of leisure time. Phone companies are a result of society's shared habits despite the difference in personal characteristics.

Folk Culture = This picture of the old Irish church is an example of folk culture because the religion that it holds is practiced by a few small traditional Irish groups. It is not a modern day innovation, but instead is an old, sacred, religious ethnic artifact for the Irish.

Mentifact = This picture of the stained glass is not the example of the mentifact, moreover, it is the implication that serves as the mentifact. Stained glass has many pictures of religious beliefs on it as well as morals, tradition and values. Although the glass itself is tangible, the traditions that it represents are not, and are therefore mentifacts.

Neolocalism = This picture is a good example of neolocalism because it shows the attempt to revive the Greek culture by building restaurants with authentic Greek food. In the present day, Greektown is very small, but is very much revived and authentically Greek.

Authenticity = This restaurant is a good example of authenticity because it is the place where we as a class stopped to get Mexican pastries. The food was very original, and not only that, but the bakery itself was authentic, and looked much like bakeries in Mexico.

Reterritorialization = This picture of a Chinatown street is an example of reterritorialization because it shows how it took a culture (Chinese) and relocated it to a defferent place (U.S.A.). Most of the folk culture in China was also relocated here and is now obvious to find when observed.

Cultural Trait = The murals on the walls of the Mexican neighborhoods are examples of cultural traits for many reason. The paintings are ways that the Mexicans express themselves, and show their own culture to other people. Art is an element of a cuture, and these murals are the Mexicans art forms.

Evidence of Pop Culture Polluting the Environment = This picture is a good example of this vocabulary word because it shows a Payless Shoestore and some banks in the middle of the Mexican Neighborhood. It is thrusting its own culture onto the other culture and polluting it. It takes away from the authenticity and pollutes the environmental nature of the place.

Ethnic Neighborhood = This picture is a brilliant example of an ethnic neighborhoodbecauseit is dominated by one main culture (Chinese). Chinatown's dominatingethnicculture is Chinese, but there are also many other cultures there.

10.

Material Culture (Artifact) = This picture of a phoenix is a good example of a Chinese artifact because it is a tangible, cultural trait. The phoenix plays a big role in Chinese culture and will often times show up in their art forms or in other aspects of their culture.

11.

Assimilation = The college UIC is a good example of assimilation because when it was built, it forced itself onto all the other cultures that were there at that time. For example, it forced both Greektown and the Mexican neighborhoods to dwindle in size because the campus was so large and took up lots of their space.

12.

Commodification = These pastries are a great example of commodification. This is because it shows an ethnic group (the Mexicans) selling their cultural elements and making a profit off of them.

13.

Time-Distance Decay = This is an example of time-distance decay because there is a Chinese market sign in English along with Chinese letters. In China, there would not be English words for anything, so this is an example of the culture distancing itself from its hearth.

14.

Placelessness = This picture is a good example of placelessness because it shows the same Subway as always even in the middle of the Mexican neighborhood . It always looks the same and is always the same on the cultural landscape. No matter where the picture was taken (in this case, a Mexican neighborhood) the Subway will always have the same colors and the same logo to attract the common people and make them feelcomfortablein their location.

15.

Sequent Occupancy = The Hull House is an example of sequent occupancy because it was one of the first social settlements in Chicago. This means, that when it was built it had to have replaced all of the previous European cultures that were there and either gotten rid of them or simply relocated them.

__________________________________________________________________

Applying Pattison's 4 Traditions of Geography (Aug. 29, 2011)
Instructions:

After having read Pattisons 4 Tradtions of Geography article, you are to locate a current event piece that can be applied to EACH of the traditions (that means 4 total, one for each tradition). Once you have found an article that applies, your job is to state the tradition, copy and paste the title into your page, link it to the article, and name the source in Italics. After having read the article, you are to first summarize the article, and then explain why the article exemplifies the tradition. Shoot for 6-10 sentances per tradition/article. See below for an example.
---------------------------------------------
Example:
Man-Land Tradition: Travel may take days to return to normal after Hurricane Irene, CNN.
Summary and application: This article discusses the impact that Hurricane Irene had along the east coast of the United States and how travel, especially at airports, has been effected. Blah blah blah.....This is an example of the Man-Land tradition because.....blah blah blah...6-10 sentances.

Article 1:
Spatial Tradition: Libya conflict: Gaddafi family 'flee to Algeria', BBC

This article discusses the whereabouts of Col Gaddafi’s wife, two sons and one daughter. The four supposedly fled from their home in Libya, and crossed into Algeria, ‘unsuspected’. There are warnings to anyone trying to house the Gaddafi's and they come with severe penalties. In the article it states that the rebels in Libya are demanding the extradition of the family from Algeria as they say it isunjust. There are rumors that Col Gaddafi may be hiding in Tripoli. This is an example of Spatial Tradition because it shows the movement of a family into another area. It maps the movement from one place into a completely different one. It specifies that the Gaddafi family has moved from Libya and into Algeria (2 separate countries).

Article 2:

Man-Land Tradition: Flooding an ongoing concern amid Irene's destruction, CNN

This article is about Hurricane Irene and the devastating flooding that it is leaving behind as it passes its course. The Hurricane is still going strong and has not let up, as is shown through the horrid pictures in this article. It discusses Irene’s path, as well as President Obama’s intentions about this disaster. So far, there have been 27 deaths, not including those missing or injured. This particular article showed statistics for Vermont and how it was one of the stated that endured the most flooding. Fortunately 22 subway lines have been reopened in New York, and flight schedules have begun to become normal again. This article is Man-Land Tradition because it shows the impact of nature upon humans. It tells that even though humans will make their mark, Mother Earth will not stop for them. It also shows natural hazards and how they cannot be stopped no matter what.

Article 3:

Area Studies Tradition: What most people miss at Machu Picchu, BBC

This article discusses the rare sites of Machu Picchu that people cannot find anywhere else in the world. The Temple of the Moon is a site that is at a very high altitude and people have to climb the mountain to see the gorgeous view. The second attraction is Mt. Machu Picchu which is ‘broken’ into 2 different peaks, Mt Huayna to the north, Mt Machu Picchu to the south. Machu Picchu, however is twice as tall and takes at least 90 minutes to climb. Third and fourth, are the sacred Sun Temple and the Sun Gate. These give the explanation that the Inca choose to settle in Machu Picchu because it was closer to the sun and the stars. Every year, on the winter solstice a beam of light shines through a window, and forms a mysterious rectangle atop a slab of granite in the sun temple. The fifth is the Rock Quarry that has many rocks with pictures etched into them. This article is classified as Area Studies Tradition, because it is a unique feature that ONLY South America has. No other region in the world is like Machu Picchu so it remains its own geographical landmark.

Article 4:

Earth Science Tradition: NSF Ocean Observatories Initiative Streams Live Video of Undersea Volcano, NSF (National Science Foundation)

This article is about an undersea volcano erupting or the coast of Oregon and how nobody noticed until now. A team of scientists boarded a small vessel and began to investigate the site. The Axial eruption has given scientists an excellent opportunity to attempt advanced technology and learn all they can about this eruption. There is even discussion about how they can begin to make an underwater sea-floor site to study the volcano even more closely. More and more data about this research will be revealed to schools and other scientists in hopes of becoming more recognized and technologically advanced. This article would fall under the Tradition of Earth Science. The main reason is that it is discussing the waters of the Earth and its relevance. It also gives reason to why something has occurred on Earth and is now being studied to be explained.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Space: Distribution Assignment

Copy and paste the following Instructions in your personal home page:

Instructions: Find one current event article from CNN, BBC, Al-Jazeera News, or other source, that you can apply to one of the following vocabulary words to. Once you write the title of the article on your page, link it to the article on the web. Next, write an 8-10 sentence paragraph about what the article is about and how (in any way, shape, or form) it can be related to the vocab word that you choose. Be creative and think outside of the box.
Vocabulary words that you can choose to apply to your article: distribution, density, arithmetic density, physiological density, agricultural density, concentration, pattern.

If you are having difficulty finding a news article, find the search box on any of the news sites and search words such as, "density", "population", "population boom", "agriculture", "malnourishment", "overpopulation", "overcrowded", "sparsely populated", "rural area", "urban area", "population growth". This may help a bit.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11503845

Hunger Index Shows One Billion Without Enough Food

This article shows where hunger occurs in the world and why hunger is such an important issue in the present day. It is an example of distribution because it shows the arrangement and placement of people dying of starvation around the world. Although it does state some examples of concentration; distribution is also a main theme in this article. In it, it says, “…countries - mostly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia - have levels of hunger described as "extremely alarming"…”, which shows where the malnourishment occurs. Since it tells where the arrangements of the undernourished people are, it is supporting distribution. The map in the article provides the reader with a visual to see how the poverty and global hunger is taking place in different regions, yet almost all in the same area (more or less in Africa). It also mentions the change over time when it says, “Despite the number of undernourished people…falling between 1990 and 2006…the number has crept up…in 2009…more than one billion hungry people”. We can see that the distribution may not have changed even though the number fell or rose because the places that the hunger originated in and were located in remained the same. The only difference is that throughout the years, there was more or less world hunger.

Laura C

Lcandre — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 15:24:13 CST

:ListTHREEGMOs under your homework page and state where it originated and how it has changed over time. You must also include a picture.The instructions can be found here.Brush up on your vocabulary for the chapter tomorrow.

Picture:	Name Bt-cotton	Origin-world location India	Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with? Produces Bt toxins/ It enables farmers to dramatically reduce pesticide use/ Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadens

Picture:

Name

Bt-cotton

Origin-world location

India

Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with?

Produces Bt toxins/ It enables farmers to dramatically reduce pesticide use/ Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadens

Picture:	Name Tomatoes	Origin-world location United States	Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with? taste better, stay fresh longer, can be harvested simultaneously, insect and virus resistant/ genes with antibiotic resistance

Picture:

Name

Tomatoes

Origin-world location

United States

Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with?
taste better, stay fresh longer, can be harvested simultaneously, insect and virus resistant/ genes with antibiotic resistance

Picture:	Name Golden Rice	Origin-world location made possible in 1999 and grown first in 2005 in Louisiana	Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with? crossed with Beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A/ has an increased iron content/ could significantly reduce the incidence of the VAD syndrome

Picture:

Name

Golden Rice

Origin-world location

made possible in 1999
and grown first in 2005 in Louisiana

Purpose/factoid/what is it crossed with?
crossed with Beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A/ has an increased iron content/
could significantly reduce the incidence of the VAD syndrome

Applying Pattison's 4 Traditions of Geography (Aug. 29, 2011)
Instructions:
After having read Pattisons 4 Tradtions of Geography article, you are to locate a current event piece that can be applied to EACH of the traditions (that means 4 total, one for each tradition). Once you have found an article that applies, your job is to state the tradition, copy and paste the title into your page, link it to the article, and name the source in Italics. After having read the article, you are to first summarize the article, and then explain why the article exemplifies the tradition. Shoot for 6-10 sentances per tradition/article. See below for an example.
---------------------------------------------
Example:
Man-Land Tradition: Travel may take days to return to normal after Hurricane Irene, CNN.
Summary and application: This article discusses the impact that Hurricane Irene had along the east coast of the United States and how travel, especially at airports, has been effected. Blah blah blah.....This is an example of the Man-Land tradition because.....blah blah blah...6-10 sentances.

Some good source sites to use/consider:
CNN.com
BBC.com
Dailyherald.com
About.com's description of Pattison's 4 Traditions in bullet point form.

Man-Land Tradition: Flooding 'an ongoing concern' amid Irene's destruction, CNN.
Summary and application: This article discusses how the flooding and destruction of Hurricane Irene in Vermont, and how its costing people their lives and homes. Hurricane Irene is stranding people without supplies and water, for days on end. This is an example of Man-Land Tradition because it is showing how nature is greatly affecting the people of the world. The flooding from this hurricane is so bad that highways have been chopped to pieces and standing water is everywhere, so cars and people can't even get to much needed resources and help. Many things are under water, such as homes, businesses, transportation, and even farmers crops, which are needed for profit elsewhere around the world. Evacuations were administered and people have been left devastated and hopeful to come together and rebuild their lives.

Usually humans are the ones hurting the earth and wasting and destroying its resources, but this time nature is taking its own toll.

Area Studies Tradition: Six years after Katrina, praise for Irene response, CNN
Summary and application: This article discusses how the government and authorities have learned from Hurricane Katrina, and how they are debating that they are better prepared and have maybe over-supplied and ready for Hurricane Irene. This relates to Area Studies Tradition because it involves the different countries and their relationships towards eachother and the different politics concerning them. As the hurricane headed closer, governors and mayors from the Carolinas to New England and all around the world agreed and ordered evacuations from low-lying coastal areas. The Coast Guard received many praises and thanks for their quick and helpful rescue during and after the hurricane, while the Federal Emergency Mangement Agency was deemed a national failure by Congress because they didnt fulfill their obligation by providing for the common welfare. Different leaders and governors were praised for taking action early and sounding alarms and evacuating people to safety. Federal agencies and even the military worked as a team to help because they knew it was the right thing to do and work together.

Spatial Tradition: Travel may take days to return to normal after Hurricane Irene , CNN
Summary and application: This article discusses transportation issues following Hurricane Irene and how the aftermath destroyed and messed up the travelers ways to get home and pick up the pieces that are left behind. This relates to Spatial Tradition because its about movement and transportation and how its affecting the people of the world. This is about the problems and ripples created when the hurricane struck and all the delays and cancellations made because of the horrible weather conditions and all the damaged equipment regarding transportation. Its been said that about 650,000 to 700,000 people have been stranded because of the flight cancellations causing some major issues. These transportation issues are making people pay more and more out-of-pocket money because they need to find food and a place to stay until they can move forward. Even saying that the airlines and other ways of transportation are prepared and well-organzied to accomadate and be flexible for these conditions.

Earth Science Tradition: Momentum Shifts to Skeptics on Global Warming Debate , CNN
Summary and application: This article discusses the issue of global warming in the earth and how it affects us and will affects us. This article relates to Earth Science Tradition because it's about the study of earth as the home to the humans. Scientists still agree that global warming is solid and legit, like how the climate change is so distinct and how it changes so quick that we know our climate has changed immensely over time. The science of the climate remains unchanged and robust depite the media and hype, it says that it's been a huge issue for awhile and its not going to change because things aren't getting better. There has been success in climate skepticism, but Obama Administrations Agenda has started to slow down resulting in backlash. One thing they say is for sure though: time is running out to help and before we know it there will be nothing we can do.

Spatial Distribution Assignment Instructions: Find one current event article from CNN, BBC, Al-Jazeera News, or other source, that you can apply one of the following vocabulary words to. Once you write the title of the article on your page, link it to the article on the web. Next, write an 8-10 sentance paragraph about what the article is about and how (in any way shape or form) can be related to the vocab word that you choose. Be creative and think outside of the box.
Vocabulary words that you can choose to apply to your article: distribution, density, arithmetic density, physiological density, agricultural density, concentration, pattern.
Innu Nation Deal Trades Reparation for River Power

This article is an example of the word distribution because the Innu people settled in their native land but then were driven out by the flooding which totally changed the arrangement they had on that land. The Innu people were forced to settle here in the late 1960s because their native land, where they were able to roam free and do what they pleased, was flooded to create Smallwood Reservoir and the 5,428-megawatt Churchill Falls generating station. The people had to be packed up and moved to Sheshatshiu which is a collection of houses on the shores of Lake Melville. The Innu's lives were centered around a forested river its falls but now thats all changed and different. The river was rerouted around the Churchill generating plant and in a system of underground tubes, which flooded the natives land. The Innu people believe that the destruction of the native lands impacted a huge blow onto them. If they werent driven out of their land they would be still thriving with the distribution and uniformity they had on their native land. New dams are being built, while power stations on the lower Churchill River could have provided enough energy to support hundreds of thousands homes, but it seems more likely that the more populous Maritime provinces to the south will only be benefiting. The Innu people don't know what to do with the untouched portions of the 532-mile (856-kilometer) Churchill River because that may flood over and cause all that land and resources to be lost. If the flooding never happened, there would still be a good possibility that the distribution of the people and the area would be more evenly dispersed for the future to come.

FieldTrip Assignment

This is Popular Culture because McDonalds is all over the world and people of all ethnicities and cultures eat there.

This is Folk Culture because this writing has been around for a very long time and it is used by a specific group of people and is a main element of their culture.
This is an example of mentifact because this alter overlooking the pews symbolizes the beliefs and religious values the Catholic people have in their minds and hearts. You can't physically touch the beliefs and values but the people know they are always there.

This is an example of neolocalism because China's culture was brought to Chicago and made into Chinatown in order to keep the local Chinese culture alive in the people's lives.

This is authenticity because this is how traditional paper umbrellas look in China and how they are a recognizable element to the Chinese culture.

This is an example of reterritorialization because the Chinese people here took the culture in China and brought i there to Chicago.

This is an example of a cultural trait because mostly all the buildings in China have a unique structure and design like this picture.

This is an example of pop culture polluting the environment because right as you stepped out of the church doors you were looking at a gatorade advertisement. This is pop culture pollution because just as you were in your religion's holy house of worship, you walk out and u see a pop culture, really big billboard, almost screaming at you to buy their product.

This is an example of an ethnic neighborhood because it is dominated by the Chinese culture.

This church is an example of material culture because it is an artifact that holds the beliefs and values of the people of the Catholic religion. It stands as a great symbol and tangible piece of the religion.

This is an example of assimilation because in the various stores of the different cultures the same food items are placed in the stores to encourage people to buy them. Pop culture is forcing this into other cultures.

This is commodification because these traditional clothes and elemets are being sold for profit in the stores.

This is an example of time distance decay because over time the cultures in the have become less dominant and the technology and materialism has become the usual. The cultures are all blended together so its hard to know what your looking at in this picture.

This is an example of placelessness because mostly all the buildings have the same modern high rise designs and are very uniform to eachother.

This is an example of sequent occupancy because advertising and the internet have become apart of the church shown in this picture and they are changing how people now view the church and its old specific beliefs and views.

Ryan Cornell

GeneralCornwallis — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 15:23:51 CST

2/2/12 or something

sarju amin

amin1234 — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 15:20:41 CST

Boundary Hunter Assignment

Sserrano — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 15:15:17 CST

Boundary Hunter Google Earth In Google Maps: Find examples of the following,

1. Make a screen shot (Print screen button) and paste it into a word document.

2. Write the name of the country/countries involved

3. Write a one sentence description why.

4. Print and turn in.
--------------------------------------

1. The State

2. The Nation

3. Federalist state

4. Unitary State

5. Landlocked States

6. Microstates

7. Subsequent Boundary

8. Antecedent Boundaries

9. Relic Boundary

10. Superimposed Boundary

11. Compact State

12. Prorupt state

13. Fragmented state

14. Perforated state

15. Elongated state

16. Example of Balkanization/shatterbelt

17. Enclave

18. Exclave

19. Nation-State

20. Mountain boundary (between two+ countries)

21. Water boundary (between two+ countries

DUE Thursday, 2nd of Feb.

Language/ Religion FRQ

Sserrano — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 13:36:32 CST

One Language/Religion Question will be chosen on the day of the written exam.

Language

Question 1

I. At the same time that English is solidifying its role as the world's premier lingua franca, lesser used minority languages are undergoing revival and preservation.
A. Name three languages that are undergoing a revival or preservation, and state where in the world they are located.
B. Discuss three distinct factors promoting the revival of minority languages in the face of globalization.
C. Explain how the diffusion of English is an example of expansion diffusion and provide an example of how it is applied in the real world.

Question 2

II. Difficulties can often arise at the boundaries of two languages which can have strong implications both economically and politically.
A. Define a "multilingual state". (questions like this do NOT need a topic sentance)
B. Identify and discuss one region/country of the world that struggles with its multilingual identity.
C. Contrast the concept of a multilingual state and one that is isolated/monolingual.

Religion

Question 1

I. Religion is the system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities.
(A) Provide an explanation and example for each of the following related terms.
i. Secularism (1 Answer)
ii. Fundamentalism (1 Answer)

(B) Provide a full explanation for the following religions. Support each explanation with one specific example of where it is located.
i. Hinduism (1 Answer)
ii. Christianity (1 Answer)
iii. Islam (1 Answer)

Question 2

(A) Explain how religion impacts political systems using each of the following points. Support each explanation with one specific example.
i. Intrafaith disputes(1 Answer)
ii. Interfaith disputes (1 Answer)

(B) Explain how the world's five major world religions are distributed geographically around the world. (1 Answer)

Unit 3 Calendar

Sserrano — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 15:20:35 CST

Religion Unit

2012 Schedule is complete
Last Updated: Thursday, 1/5/12 @ 3:30pm

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12/16-Friday
Lecture: Begin lecture on religion Sec. 1 of Ch. 6 and Christianity;
Maps: Discuss higher and lower order observations of religion maps for figures 6-1, 6-2, and 6-3.
Vocabulary: Ethnic religion, universalizing religion, sect, branch, denomination, monotheism, polytheism, animism.
Homework: Read and notes for section 1 for Thursday.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuesday 1/3
Collect: Extra credit assignments
Lecture: Recap universalizing and ethnic religions. Overview of the world's major religions; Religion Chart
Homework: Read and notes for Chapter 6, section 1 for tomorrow.

Wed 1/4
Open Note Check: Ch 6, section 1
Discussion: Where are religions distributed?; Religious hearths; Confucianism, Daoism, Shintoism; Other African Ethnic Religions
Homework: Read and notes for Ch. 6 section 2-pgs 185 (up to holy places) for tomorrow.

Thurs 1/5
Open Note Check: Ch 6, section 2 up to pg 185
Discussion: Why do religions have different distributions?; Map analysis; Differences between a religion and a philosophy.
Vocabulary: Missionaries, Pagan, ghettos, pilgrimage
Homework: Read and notes for section 2-pgs 191 for Friday.

Fri 1/6
Open Note Check: Ch 6, section 2 up to pg 191
Lecture: Solstice, cosmogony, holy calendars.
Video: Watch Frontline: Religion in China (2 Segments 9:00 & 13:00 min.) Frontline: Religion in China (2 Segments 9:00 & 13:00 min.)
Homework: Read and notes for Ch 6, section 3.

Mon 1/9
Open Note Check: Ch 6, section 3
Discussion: Why do religions organize themselves in distinct patterns?Discuss places of worship; Sacred spaces; Religious Settlements;
Vocabulary: Holy Places; Sacred Sites;Administration of space, Places of Worship architecture; Shrine, stuppa, temple, church, synagogue, pagoda,
Homework: Read and Notes Ch 6, Sec. 4, through pg 197 (up to Religion versus Religion) ; Complete religion sites worksheet if necessary.

Tues 1/10
Open Note Check: Ch 6, section 4
Discussion: Why do territorial conflicts arise among religions groups?
Vocab: Fundamentalism; Extremism; Inter-faith and Intra-faith religious disputes; Sectarian; Secular
Homework: Read and Notes Ch 6, Sec. 4: Complete

Wed 1/11
Note Check: Ch 6 Sec 4
Discussion: Inter-faith and Intra-faith religious disputes; The Palestinian/Israeli Conflict and religious disputes in the West
Activity: Interfaith/Intrafaith hotspot mix and match in groups.
Homework: Riddle of Riyadh

Thur 1/12
Topic: Religion Conflicts in the East; Lecture-Nagorno Karabach; Africa/Asian hotspots .
Classwork: Religious Hotspot Analysis Wkst. Research
Religious conflict: Ireland Frontline: Northern Ireland: Uneasy Peace. A community learns to forgive. Frontline: Nigeria: God's Country Frontline: Kashmire: A Troubled Paradise
Video: http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/flash_point/afghanistan/ Frontline: A Cry for Help, Living in a Patriarchy: Afghanistan
Homework: Prepare for Unit Exam : Objective, 75 Questions on religion only.

Fri 1/13
Examination: Religion Unit Exam: Objective
Homework: Prepare for Unit Exam: Essay Portion. Only 1 FRQ will be completed on Tuesday, After test objective corrections are completed.
**Please note that these questions are for a UNIT exam, and so language as well as religion questions will be fair game.

Mon 1/16
NO SCHOOL; Martin Luther King Jr. Day

Tues 1/17
Religion Exam: Religion exam corrections: 25 minutes
Religion/Language FRQ: 2nd 25 minutes of class. Only one will be chosen
Homework: Study for Final Exams.

Wed 1/18
Final Exams

Thu 1/19
FInal Exams

Friday 1/20
FInal Exams

-------------------
Language
-----------------
Review: Go over Unit 1 Exam
In-Class work: Go over exam and answer questions.
Homework: Ch 5. Sec 1 Notes; Essay corrections due Friday

12/6-Tuesday
Open Note Check: Sec 1, Ch. 5
Lecture: What is language?
Vocab: Dialect, Language, Standard Language, BRP, Official language
Homework: Read and outline Ch.5 Sec 2; Essay corrections due Friday

12/7-Wednesday
Open Note Check: Sec 2 of Language
Chapter Lecture: The Language Tree
Vocab: Language families, language groups, Indo-European Language,
Homework: Language Maps for homework; Essay corrections due Friday

12/8-Thursday
In class worksheet: Models of Language Diffusion: Agriculture; Conquest; Dispersal; The Renfrew Model. Mapping Language dispersion.
Homework: Language Section 3 notes.: Essay Rewrites. Save to your H Drive Folder that you have labeled “APHUGE”.

12/9 -Friday
Vocab: Divergence, Convergence and Replacement. Language and Trade;
The Esperanto Experiment; Lingua Franca; Creolization and Pidgin, English as the global language,
Video Clips: Language extinction
Homework: Read: Chapter 5, section 4 up to pg. 162. Stop when you get to Global Dominance of English

12/12 Monday
Open Note Check: Ch 5 Sec. 3
Discussion: The Classification of language Linguistic Diversification: Sound Shifts, Deep Reconstruction; Toponymy, two-part names and the classification of place names
.Enduring VoicesDocumenting the Planet's Endangered Languages
Homework: Complete Ch 5 Sec 4 for tonight. Bring headphones just in case

12/13 Tuesday
Lab 220: Meet in Lab 220 tomorrow. Bring headphones just in case
Read article, Basque Language FAQ. http://www.nabasque.org/Pages/FAQ.htm
Lecture: The language issues of Malaysia, Canada (Quebec), India, France, Spain(Basques), Belgium, Cyprus, Switzerland, Nigeria and the EU
Homework: Language Powerpoint has been uploaded onto the main Language Page for reference.

12/14-Wednesday Quiz 75 pts: Ch. 5 Language Chapter: Objective.

12/15-Thursday Quiz Corrections: Language quiz corrections-25 min.
Classwork: 25 Min. Test Corrections.
Review: Review exams and go over incorrect responses.
Homework:

12/16-Friday
Classwork: Starting on pg. 171 for figures, 6-1, 6-2, and 6-3, come up with 5 lower observations about the religion maps and 2 higher order ones. (21 total)
Optional Extra Credit over break: Explain religion scavenger hunt
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Religion

NOT YET COMPLETE

Riddle of Riyadh Response

Sserrano — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 14:46:24 CST

Prompt

Interesting extra information: BBC: A background of Shariah Law and their consequences.

Read the small article entitled: Riddle of Riyadh: Islamic Law Thrives Amid Modernity

Come back to this page and make a personal response in the threads below to the following prompt:

Do you believe that foreign women traveling to a country such as Saudi Arabia should be required to follow Shariah laws that were described in the reading? If yes, why? If no, what should then be required of women traveling to these countries. Explain why you feel this way. Who's laws should they obey? Choose one of the threads and repond in 6-8 sentences. Feel free to debate another idea for an extra point.

Riddle of Rihadh Article

Sserrano — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 14:37:09 CST

Riddle of Riyadh: Islamic Law Thrives Amid Modernity --- Women Learn Car Mechanics But Not How to Drive; They Still Defend System

By Geraldine Brooks.

AL KHUBAR, Saudi Arabia -- Desert tradition demands that any traveler who turns up at a Bedouin's tent must be offered shelter for at least three nights. But in modern-day Saudi Arabia, a woman arriving with a reservation at a five-star hotel seems unwelcome for even one night.
At the gleaming Gulf Meridien hotel, a Western reporter with a reservation finds herself directed to the police station rather than to her room. An apologetic desk clerk explains that it is illegal for an unaccompanied woman to stay in a Saudi hotel without a certificate from the police establishing that she isn't a prostitute. "In the morning the police check the registrations," he explains, "and in the past we've had staff jailed and deported for allowing a woman to check in."
Six-lane freeways have replaced camel trails, and 24-hour Safeway supermarkets have superseded dusty souqs. But more remarkable than what has changed is what hasn't. The glittering city-centers still feature Friday-afternoon beheadings that are open to the public. And inside the walls of modern villas, family life holds tenaciously to the old ways. Islam rules here.
It is a mistake to assume Westernization inevitably accompanies industrialization, says Don Kerr, a Saudi Arabia expert at the London Institute for Strategic Studies. For a brief time, he says, the thousands of young Saudis who go to universities in the West pick up Western tastes and a Western vocabulary. "But while they may have temporarily swapped the thobe {traditional robe} for a little number from Brooks Brothers, the change was no more significant than that -- a surface covering," he says. "When it came to things that are really important, they operate on the same basis they have always done."
The Koran and the tribe remain the important things. The Koran is both holy book and constitution in Saudi Arabia, and from it the state derives the right to chop off the hands of thieves and to order shopkeepers to close for prayers. Tribal tradition, meanwhile, props up one of the world's most absolute of monarchies and rigidly restricts social life.
Until about a year ago, Saudis of both sexes used to lace up their skates and glide around the sheet of high-density white plastic that substitutes for ice in Jeddah's scorching climate. "We used to get a thousand skaters over a weekend," recalls Gerry Willis, the rink's British manager. But then the sheik who owns the rink decided that the Madonna music, the flashing lights and the male-female mixing was "all a bit too free" says Mr. Willis. Now both sexes can still skate, but only during segregated hours.
Women still aren't permitted to drive in Saudi Arabia, and riding alone in a taxi is frowned upon. But traveling in groups also poses problems. Earlier this month, a Filipino driver in Riyadh picked up three American women, who didn't all want to cram into the back seat. One sat in the front passenger seat and, as a result, the driver says, he was hauled to jail and beaten by the religious police -- the Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice -- for sitting alongside a woman who wasn't his wife.
In the case of the visiting reporter, a bearded young lieutenant at the police station eventually provided the necessary paper work for a hotel stay. But that was only after the Saudi businessman whose company the reporter planned to visit presented himself for a late-night interrogation. "Once, in Riyadh, they stopped me from checking in with my wife," the businessman confided. He had to have documents faxed to the hotel proving the two were married before he was allowed to take his wife to his room.
Most Saudis seem to put up with such excesses as part of the cost for a stable and secure life.
"The Islamic religion is also our law," explains Lolwah al-Ammari, a Saudi businesswoman educated at Whittier College in California. "If you understand Islam, you can find a reason for every act." To Mrs. al-Ammari, restrictions on women's travel are "protection for you, not chains around you." She adds, "You are supposed to travel with a male to protect you, because in old times travel took days, months maybe. So the whole idea is love and protection."
Mrs. al-Ammari covers her hair and wears a long cloak when she goes out, but doesn't wear the black cloth that most women still drape over their faces. "I can't breathe well and I can't see well" through it, she says. Yet she doesn't consider it a major obstacle to women's advancement. "Women have gone to university wearing the veil," she says. "It is only a piece of cloth. It's not covering my mind."
To help keep traditions, censorship is rigorous. An American executive living in Jeddah was recently astonished to open a letter from the Hyatt hotel chain, only to find that the swimsuited model on the brochure inside had earned the censor's attention. "Somebody had opened the envelope, colored in her legs from the crotch down, and then resealed it. It was meticulously done," the businessman says.
Foreign publications also are individually previewed. Copies of this newspaper circulated here got the felt-pen treatment last month when an advertisement for ergonomically designed airline furniture featured Leonardo da Vinci's famed nude drawing of "Man."
References to Jews often are censored as well. The television series "War and Remembrance," which dealt with World War II, including the Holocaust, appeared in the Saudi video version with all reference to Jews blanked out. "You could see the characters mouthing the word `Jew' but no sound was coming out," recalls one viewer.
Saudis are zealous about keeping the desert kingdom free of any religious symbols that aren't Islamic. Christian churches, even private religious services, are banned. A few years back, employees of the national airline were surprised by an abrupt redesign of the carrier's logo, making a slight alteration in the shape of the letter "a" in the word Saudia. The airline repainted its fleet of planes, remade neon signs and changed the appliques on employees' uniforms.
A staffer, baffled by so much expense for a minor change, got the following explanation: The space between the first two letters of the old Saudia logo had formed a cross-shape. The cross, as a symbol of Christianity, may not be displayed in Saudi Arabia. A spokesman for Saudia, however, labels this account as "airline folklore" and says religious considerations didn't play a part in the redesign, which aimed to make the logo conform "more to the style of Arabic calligraphy."
With or without a cross, the airline is unmistakably Islamic. Each flight begins with a recorded recitation of Mohammed's prayer for travelers played over the public address system, and each plane is equipped with a ceiling-mounted Mecca compass, so that traveling Moslems can be sure which direction to turn to in prayer. Alcoholic drinks aren't served by the airline and aren't allowed to be carried by passengers.
On the ground in Saudi Arabia, Islam dominates the landscape. Billboards proclaiming "Allahu Akbar" -- God is Great -- share roadside space with advertisements for tea bags and air freshener. Mosques rise alongside gas stations, at airports, in hotel foyers and on every city block. Even travel routes are determined by religion, with giant highway signs labeled "Moslems" and "Non-Moslems," directing unbelievers on to routes that won't allow them to pass through, or even glimpse, the sacred cities of Mecca and Medina. To stress that Islam comes first, King Fahd has ordered that his preferred title is "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques," rather than "His Majesty."
But while Islam may prescribe life here, "there are plenty of safety valves," says a Western diplomat in Riyadh. "A Saudi can travel if he finds it too restrictive." For a Saudi woman, it isn't quite so easy. She must have the permission of a male relative to leave the country.
Women, nonetheless, often are the staunchest defenders of the system, pointing to the gains they have made in education and, increasingly, in Saudi Arabia's segregated work force.
As a young girl, Basilah al-Homoud got most of her education in Syria. Her father moved the whole family there because her older sister wanted to be a dentist and at that time in Saudi Arabia dentistry and other advanced studies weren't open to women.
But times have changed. Now Mrs. al-Homoud is completing her master's degree in business administration at a university in Jeddah. She is also the director of Dar al-Fikr, a school for girls in the city. Along with pure academic subjects, the school stresses know-how in practical matters such as computers, cooking and motor mechanics. But Mrs. al-Hamoud isn't aiming to turn out a generation of auto engineers. "If {a student's} driver says the car's broken down, I want her to know if he's telling the truth," Mrs. al-Homoud explains.
A staunch traditionalist, Mrs. al-Homoud says, "When my father told me I had been proposed to, he said `Do you want to see him, do you want to sit with him?' I said, `If you sit with him, it is enough for me.'"
But lest outsiders think nothing changes in Saudi Arabia, Mrs. al-Ammari, who is a member of a 10-woman consortium running a computer-training business, tells a story: Just a generation ago, her mother was kidnapped and sold to a man who became her husband. At the age of eight, it was her second wedding. She had already been married once by family arrangement.
Credit: Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal
Copyright Dow Jones & Company Inc Nov 9, 1989

Religion and Philosophy

Sserrano — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 15:24:27 CST

The differences between a religion and a philosophy

The following are general guidelines not to be used as rules, as they are often debated. Remember that the humanities have many gray areas and that there are exceptions to every rule.

1) Religions tend to hold things sacred such as "sacred places" or relics.

2) Religion can exclude reason and instead use faith.
Ex: Christianity explaining the birth of Jesus from the Virgin Mary

3) Religion adheres to ritual.
Ex: Islam- Praying five times per day towards Mecca is ritualistic.

Shawn Patel

ShawnPatelasdfjkl; — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 14:20:26 CST